ABSTRACT:
Background: Euphorbia hirta Linn, belonging to the family of Euphorbiaceae is commonly referred to as a medicinal herb due to its multiple uses in the traditional system of medicine. Objective: This review paper attempts to discuss some of the phytochemical constituents, extraction process, botanical features, and pharmacological effects of Euphorbia hirta. Methodology: The leaves of the plant were shade dried, powdered, and extracted with methanol using maceration method for 48 hours. Results: The phytochemical screening showed the presence of various biologically active chemical substances like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, and phenolic compounds, contributing to the medicinal properties of the plant. The biological activities contributed by these phytochemicals include antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, galactogenic, diuretic, and antifertility properties among many others. It was observed that ethanolic and aqueous extracts of E. hirta have shown significant antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microorganisms like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Additionally, the plant exhibited effective antioxidant activity and scavenged free radicals in many in vitro studies. Conclusion: Euphorbia hirta Linn proves itself to be an important medicinal plant because of its pharmacological potentials.
Cite this article:
Anushka A. Wani, Mangathayaru Kalachaveedu, Dattaprasad Vikhe. A Review Paper on Phytochemical Screening and Pharmacological Activity of Euphorbia hirata. Research Journal of Science and Technology. 2026; 18(3):319-2. doi: 10.52711/2349-2988.2026.00044
Cite(Electronic):
Anushka A. Wani, Mangathayaru Kalachaveedu, Dattaprasad Vikhe. A Review Paper on Phytochemical Screening and Pharmacological Activity of Euphorbia hirata. Research Journal of Science and Technology. 2026; 18(3):319-2. doi: 10.52711/2349-2988.2026.00044 Available on: https://www.rjstonline.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2026-18-3-11
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